Best Dystonia Doctors in Mumbai

Dystonia is a neurological disorder causing involuntary muscle contractions that result in abnormal postures and movements. The causes of dystonia can be primary or secondary in nature. Primary dystonia usually arises from genetic factors even if there's no clear family history; two key genes identified are DYT1 and DYT6. Conversely, secondary dystonias result from environmental factors such as head trauma, side effects of certain drugs or other neurological conditions like Wilson's disease.

Delhi, like many metropolitan cities, presents its unique set of challenges which may contribute to exacerbated manifestations of dystonia. According to specialists for dystonia, factors such as pollution or high-stress urban lifestyle are potential triggers for those with a predisposition to this disorder. However, there is no need to panic. Some of the best dystonia doctors available at Apollo Hospitals in Delhi are highly skilled and extensively experienced, providing comprehensive and personalised care for each patient.

Types/Stages of Dystonia

This neurological condition can be classified by dystonia specialists based on distinct characteristics:

• Age-specific Dystonias: Early-onset dystonia typically begins in an extremity and may spread to other parts.

• Focal Dystonias: These involve a single body part like the neck (cervical), eyes (blepharospasm) or arm (writer's cramp).

• Multifocal and Segmental Dystonias: These involve multiple non-adjacent or adjacent body parts respectively.

• Generalised Dystonia: This form affects most parts or all of the body.

Symptoms of Dystonia

The symptoms of dystonia are varied and may include:

• Twisting or repetitive movements

• Difficulty speaking or swallowing

• Involuntary pulling of the neck

• Uncontrollable blinking, especially in cases of cranial dystonia

• Worsening handwriting after writing a few lines, typically seen in writer's cramp, a form of dystonia

Tests to Diagnose Dystonia

Diagnosis by dystonia treatment specialists at Apollo Hospitals involves a thorough evaluation through:

• Physical Examination: Clinical history and neurological examination.

• Diagnostic Tests: Blood and urine tests to check for toxins and infections.

• Imaging Scans: MRI scans to rule out brain tumours.

• Genetic Testing: Genetic testing for inherited forms of dystonia.

• Levodopa Testing: Trial of levodopa to see if symptoms improve, often used when Parkinson’s disease is suspected.

Treatment or Surgery Options for Dystonia at Apollo Hospitals in Delhi:

The best dystonia treatment doctors at Apollo Hospitals provide tailored treatment plans that may include:

• Medications: This includes anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, baclofen, and dopamine agonists to manage symptoms.

• Botulinum Toxin Injections: These help block the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes muscle contraction.

• Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery: Specialists for dystonia may recommend this surgical procedure for severe, generalised dystonia.

• Physical Therapy and Sensory Tricks: Various exercises and sensory tricks like touching the face can help control dystonic movements.